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Spanish Flu Pandemic of 1918


The deadliest virus in modern history, was the 1918 Spanish Flu. It killed about 20 to 50 million people worldwide. The total death toll is unknown because medical records were not kept in many areas. The pandemic hit during World War I and devastated military troops. In the United States, for instance, more servicemen were killed from the flu than from the war itself. The Spanish flu was fatal to a higher proportion of young adults than most flu viruses. The pandemic started mildly, in the spring of 1918, but was followed by a much more severe wave in the fall of 1918. The war likely contributed to the devastating mortality numbers, as large outbreaks occurred in military forces living in close quarters. Poor nutrition and the unsanitary conditions of war camps had an effect. A third wave occurred in the winter and spring of 1919, and a fourth, smaller wave occurred in a few areas in spring 1920. Initial symptoms of the flu were typical: sore throat, headache, and fever. The flu often progressed rapidly to cause severe pneumonia and sometimes haemorrhage in the lungs and mucus membranes. A characteristic feature of severe cases of the Spanish Flu was heliotrope cyanosis, where the patient’s face turned blue from lack of oxygen in the cells. Death usually followed within hours or days. The flu ended when it had infected enough people that those who were susceptible had either died or developed immunity.

The third wave of Spanish flu had started in _______.

   Fall 1818

   Spring 1920

   Spring 1918

   Spring 1919

In severe cases Spanish Flu was characterized by______.

   sore throat

   heliotrope cyanosis

   high fever

   pneumonia

How did the Spanish Flu end?

   Vaccination

   End of the war

   Death of the susceptible

   Medications

Which was the most affected age group during the pandemic?

   Old aged

   Young adults

   Toddlers

   Children

What is the main reason for the spread of flu in the military camps?

   Unsanitary conditions

   Traveling form one place to another

   Dust and dirt

   Unhealthy food

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