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Geomorphic processes


The endogenic and exogenic forces causing physical stresses and chemical actions on earth materials and bringing about changes in the configuration of the surface of the earth are known as geomorphic processes. Diastrophism and volcanisms are endogenic geomorphic processes. Weathering, mass wasting, erosion, and deposition are exogenic geomorphic processes. All processes that move, elevate, or build-up portions of the earth’s crust come under diastrophism. Orogeny is a mountain building process whereas epeirogeny is a continental building process. Volcanism includes the movement of molten rock (magma) onto or toward the earth’s surface and the formation of many intrusive and extrusive volcanic forms. Weathering is the action of elements of weather and climate over earth materials. Mass movements transfer the mass of rock debris down the slopes under the direct influence of gravity. Landslides are relatively rapid and perceptible movements. The materials involved are relatively dry. The size and shape of the detached mass depend on the nature of discontinuities in the rock, the degree of weathering, and the steepness of the slope. Erosion involves the acquisition and transportation of rock debris. The deposition is a consequence of erosion. The erosional agents lose their velocity and hence energy on gentler slopes and the materials carried by them start to settle themselves.

Which of the following is an example of the endogenic process?

   Weathering

   Mass wasting

   Erosion

   Volcanisms

________ is known as a mountain building process.

   Orogeny

   Epeirogeny

   Deposition

   Mass wasting

Choose the correct method involved in the process of erosion.

   Deposition of rock and soil

   Transportation of rock debris

   Movement of molten rock

   Continental building process

The process of building up the earth's crust is known as.

   Volcanisms

   Diastrophism

   Landslides

   Weathering

Transportation of rock debris along the slope due to the direct influence of gravity is known as.

   Erosion

   Diastrophism

   Mass movements

   Landslides

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